ECO-BRUTALISM: Where Raw Architecture Meets Regenerative Design | Architalktural

 

ECO-BRUTALISM: Where Raw Architecture Meets Regenerative Design

In recent years, an innovative architectural trend has emerged, merging the unrefined beauty of concrete with the healing essence of nature. This movement, known as eco-brutalism, redefines traditional Brutalist architecture by prioritizing sustainability. Unlike classic Brutalism, which is often characterized by stark, imposing forms, eco-brutalism embraces vibrant greenery, ecological systems, and energy-efficient design, fostering a harmonious coexistence between nature and urban structures. As eco-brutalism gains momentum, it captivates global interest for its remarkable ability to transform dull urban landscapes into flourishing, sustainable ecosystems, paving the way for a healthier future.

OBJECTIVE

I grew up immersed in the Classic Brutalist era, a time defined by the visionary work of renowned architect Leandro Locsin. His masterpieces, including the Cultural Center of the Philippines, the Philippine International Convention Center, and Ninoy Aquino International Airport, have left a profound mark on our architectural landscape. This exposure has given me a deep appreciation for the unique character that Brutalism embodies. Yet, as we face the urgent challenge of climate change, a transformative movement is taking root in architecture. Sustainable design is not only gaining importance but is evolving into a powerful new trend. Enter Eco-Brutalism—a fusion of traditional Brutalism with eco-friendly principles. This innovative approach represents a crucial step toward addressing our environmental concerns while honoring architectural history. Join me as we delve into the compelling world of Eco-Brutalism in this blog article.

What Is Eco-Brutalism?

Eco-brutalism is a contemporary design approach that integrates Brutalist architectural aesthetics with environmentally responsible design principles. It retains the visual strength and geometric clarity of Brutalism while embedding biological and ecological systems such as:

• Green roofs and rooftop gardens

• Vertical forests and green walls

• Passive ventilation and daylighting strategies

• Renewable and low-carbon building materials

• Climate-adaptive landscaping

Instead of softening the structure with ornamental details, eco-brutalism emphasizes coexistence between concrete and nature—inviting plants to climb, spill, and envelop the built form.

Characteristics of Eco-Brutalist Architecture

1. Integration of Greenery

Eco-brutalist buildings commonly feature:

• Cascading plants on concrete balconies

• Moss-covered retaining walls

• Terraced gardens embedded into the façade

• Vegetated podiums and walkways

Greenery softens the heavy concrete massing while improving microclimates and biodiversity.

2. Sustainable Use of Concrete

Concrete is a defining material of Brutalism, but eco-brutalism shifts toward sustainability by using:

• Low-carbon or geopolymer concrete

• Recycled aggregates

• Smart structural design to minimize material output

• Prefabrication to reduce construction waste

This approach balances durability with environmental responsibility.

3. Passive Design Strategies

Eco-brutalist buildings often incorporate:

• Natural ventilation through deep openings or breezeways

• Daylighting via large windows, skylights, and carved voids

• Thermal mass cooling, as concrete helps regulate indoor temperatures

These reduce energy consumption while enhancing occupant comfort.

4. Long-Lasting, Resilient Structures

Brutalism’s utilitarian approach aligns with sustainability by prioritizing:

• Longevity

• Structural resilience

• Low maintenance

Eco-brutalism enhances this by making structures adaptable and climate-responsive.

---

Eco-Brutalism and the Green Building Concept

Eco-brutalism contributes meaningfully to all three major pillars of green building: environmental, social, and economic sustainability.

1. Environmental Benefits

• Reduced Urban Heat Island Effect
  Vegetation cools the surroundings by shading solar-absorbing surfaces.

• Improved Energy Efficiency
  Passive design and strategically placed greenery reduce cooling and lighting loads.

• Stormwater Management
  Green roofs and landscaped terraces absorb rainfall and prevent flooding.

• Biodiversity Support
  Plants integrated into the façade create microhabitats for insects, birds, and small mammals.

2. Social Sustainability

• Biophilic Experience
  Eco-brutalist buildings reconnect occupants with nature, improving well-being and reducing stress.

• Engagement and Livability
  Shaded green walkways, rooftop parks, and community terraces enhance quality of life in dense cities.

3. Economic Sustainability

• Operational Savings
  Energy-efficient systems reduce long-term consumption costs.

• Durability and Low Maintenance
  Reinforced concrete structures last longer and require minimal upkeep, improving lifecycle performance.

Is Eco-Brutalism Truly Sustainable?

While eco-brutalism offers clear benefits, its sustainability depends on the thoughtfulness of execution. Buildings must incorporate:

• Efficient irrigation systems

• Drought-resistant or native plants

• Proper waterproofing and structural design

• Responsible material sourcing

• Compliance with local green building standards (such as BERDE in the Philippines or LEED)

Without these, a building may appear sustainable without delivering long-term environmental performance—what some call “greenwashing”.

Why Eco-Brutalism Is Gaining Popularity

Several factors contribute to the rise of eco-brutalism:

• Climate-responsive design is more important than ever.

• Urban areas need more green spaces without expanding outward.

• Younger generations are drawn to authentic, raw aesthetics paired with sustainability.

• Cities seek architecture that is both resilient and restorative.

Eco-brutalism offers a middle ground—maintaining structural integrity while reintroducing life and nature into the built environment.

Notable Examples of Eco-Brutalism 

Oasia Hotel Downtown — Singapore (See cover Photo)

• Oasia Hotel Downtown is a 27-storey mixed-use tower whose façade is covered with climbing plants belonging to dozens of species — over time the concrete + mesh exterior becomes cloaked in greenery.

• About 40% of the building’s volume is devoted to communal sky gardens and open-air terraces.

• The design uses natural ventilation and open garden terraces instead of purely air-conditioned enclosed spaces — promoting biodiversity (insects, birds) and creating a “vertical ecosystem.”

• This shows eco-brutalism at large-scale: a concrete high-rise reimagined as a living structure, reducing the environmental footprint while offering urban green space.

The Barbican Centre, Facade

The Barbican Centre — London, UK

• While originally built as a classic brutalist structure, the Barbican Centre has undergone sustainable retrofits, integrating green practices and plant-filled spaces.

• Its conservatory holds more than 1,500 plant species, turning part of the concrete estate into a lush, biodiverse environment.

• This example shows another face of eco-brutalism — not only in new buildings but also in how older, concrete-heavy structures can be reimagined and rehabilitated to support green design and urban ecology.

The Barbican Centre, Plant-filled spaces

FINAL THOUGHTS

Eco-brutalism signifies a transformative approach to our vision of future cities. By integrating the raw honesty of Brutalism with the fundamentals of sustainable design, it creates a compelling and eco-friendly architectural identity. As climate issues escalate and urban areas become more crowded, eco-brutalism shows that we can achieve a balance between strength and compassion in architecture—where concrete not only defines structures but also harmonizes with nature, placing it at the forefront of urban life.

Ar. JOEY CASTANEDA

Architect, Sustainable Architecture

Link in account for architectural works.

Linktree account for artworks.

References and Recommended Readings

• Banham, R. (1966). The New Brutalism: Ethic or Aesthetic? Architectural Press.

• Kellert, S., Heerwagen, J., & Mador, M. (2008). Biophilic Design: The Theory, Science and Practice of Bringing Buildings to Life. Wiley.

• United States Green Building Council (USGBC). LEED v4.1 Standards.

• Philippine Green Building Council. BERDE Green Building Rating System.

• Pallasmaa, J. (2005). The Eyes of the Skin: Architecture and the Senses. Wiley.

• United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). (2020–2024). Global Status Report for Buildings and Construction.

Photo attribution

Oasia Hotel Downtown — Singapore

By 100pss - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=86898098

The Barbican Centre — London, UK

By Approach to the Barbican Centre by Jim Osley, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=127093944

By Scott Wylie from UK - The Conservatory, Barbican Centre, London. Fujifilm., CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=115468311

KITCHEN INTERIOR DESIGN TRENDS FOR 2026 | Architalktural

 

KITCHEN INTERIOR DESIGN TRENDS FOR 2026

"After a long day at work, nothing feels better than having a relaxing space at home, and the kitchen is at the heart of that comfort. This desire for a soothing environment often leads us to prioritize our kitchen when planning upgrades or renovations. With the ever-evolving landscape of new appliances, design trends, and finishes, it’s essential to identify which kitchen design features will truly endure. So, what should you invest in for lasting value, and which items are better off being replaced?" 

OBJECTIVE

In addition to my expertise in designing expansive food processing plants, I have also played a pivotal role in creating model kitchens for food outlets in shopping malls and various commercial establishments, all aimed at enhancing a food-based franchise business. My hands-on experience in food manufacturing projects early in my architectural career fueled my passion for curating these kitchen design trends.

I've noticed that the momentum generated by recent kitchen trends has persisted into this year. These trends highlight the importance of smart storage solutions, embrace natural-themed accents, and incorporate cutting-edge technology in fixtures, appliances, and lighting. The essence of organic style brings a touch of simple luxury to modern kitchen designs, while maximizing functionality remains at the forefront of renovations and updates. In this exploration, I want to shine a light on the significance of indoor plants, highlighted in Item 1, as I've been focusing on "biophilic design" in my recent posts. This trend is not only evolving kitchens but also influencing architectural elements across the board. By adopting these seven kitchen design trends, you can transform your kitchen into a space that not only meets your functional needs but also exudes lasting elegance and charm.

Here are seven kitchen design trends you may adapt for your homes this coming year:

1. BIOPHILIC DESIGN

One of the most effective ways to bring the benefits of nature into our daily lives is by incorporating plants into vacant spaces or shelves in kitchens, dining areas, and living rooms. Houseplants not only purify the air and enhance our mood, but their enduring popularity proves they are much more than a mere trend. They create an exquisite harmony with wooden finishes and furniture, adding warmth and vitality to any space.

Recent scientific research highlights the powerful impact that nature-based interventions can have on our overall health and well-being. It is essential for designers, architects, and urban planners to capitalize on this knowledge by fostering a stronger connection between people and nature. By integrating natural elements into our built environments, we honor a bond that has been ingrained in human evolution for centuries.

In our increasingly urbanized and technology-driven world, we find ourselves spending more time indoors than ever before. While modern buildings may offer efficiency and functionality, they often disconnect us from the natural world—something our bodies and minds deeply yearn for. This is where Biophilic Design becomes crucial, as it seeks to bridge that gap and promote a healthier, more connected lifestyle.

For further Readings on the subject of Biophilic Design:

BIOPHILIC DESIGN: Creating Green Buildings for Life (Part 1) | Architalktural

BIOPHILIC DESIGN: Creating Green Buildings for Life (Part 2) | Architalktural

BIOPHILIC DESIGN: Creating Green Buildings for Life (Part 3) | Architalktural

10 BEST AIR PURIFYING INDOOR PLANTS FOR BIOPHILIC DESIGN | Architalktural

2. NATURAL WOOD TONES

There is no doubt that natural wood is still a material of choice for most clients and home experts. Wood helps to provide organic vibes and a natural accent to the kitchen by connecting it to the outside environment. However, the trend does not actually allow the material to dominate the arena. To maintain a contemporary touch, wooden surfaces blend with granite working countertops.

3. DAYLIGHTING (NATURAL LIGHTING)

Natural lighting, or daylighting, is a transformative approach that utilizes sunlight to illuminate a building’s interior. Unlike artificial lighting, which can be energy-intensive and generate unwanted heat, natural lighting is a cost-effective, abundant, and eco-friendly solution. Thoughtful building design that prioritizes daylighting involves meticulous consideration of orientation, window placement, and architectural form. This strategy not only maximizes the benefits of natural light but also enhances the overall aesthetic of the space.

Additionally, based on my recent studies and articles, I believe that daylighting is becoming an essential trend in modern kitchen design. This style aligns perfectly with contemporary minimalist aesthetics. Imagine bright, airy kitchens featuring light-colored, low-VOC paints and expansive aluminum picture windows that flood the space with natural light, all while promoting energy efficiency and sustainability. Moreover, incorporating LED lighting for nighttime use is an excellent way to save energy and complement the natural ambiance created during the day. Embracing daylighting in kitchen design is not just a trend; it's a smart, sustainable choice for a brighter future.

4. GLASS CABINET DOORS

We can’t deny our deep appreciation for the timeless elegance of glass, which enhances every space—be it a home, office, or building facade. Have you noticed the trend? Glass doors are no longer limited to dining areas and terraces. Today, wooden or plain kitchen cabinets are increasingly adorned with stunning glass doors, especially frosted ones, adding a touch of sophistication while fulfilling both decorative and practical needs. Embrace this design choice and elevate your interiors!

5. VERSATILE SPLASHBACK MATERIALS

My early career has shaped what we now recognize as the traditional design trend, where the same materials were used for both countertops and walls. However, modern kitchens are evolving, showcasing separate materials for horizontal and vertical surfaces. Notably, glass or mirrors have emerged as elegant high-end choices for wall surfaces, enhancing the kitchen’s appearance and creating a sense of spaciousness. This innovative approach not only elevates the kitchen’s aesthetic but also adds functionality.

Mirrors provide an enjoyable ambiance for users while cooking, pouring drinks, or having a quick snack. It's an example of personalization that allows homeowners to express their unique style. While homeowners can select a variety of materials or colors that resonate with their personality, it’s essential to ensure compatibility with the designer's recommendations. Additionally, considering the cost of materials is a practical aspect that benefits both the homeowner and the designer. Embracing these trends can truly transform a kitchen into a stylish and functional space.

6. STAND OUT TAPS

A standout feature that is becoming essential in contemporary kitchen design is the use of eye-catching taps. With rising demand, manufacturers are offering a diverse range of finishes, including silver, brass, and chrome. However, black and white taps are emerging as the dominant trend in the market. A new kitchen simply isn’t complete without these striking fixtures. Whether you’re purchasing them yourself or your contractor is sourcing them for you, make sure to add one to your cart. You won’t regret considering this standout model!

7. SMART KITCHEN

Appliances are evolving to become smarter and more efficient, transforming the kitchen experience. Advances in technology are no longer confined to sound systems and entertainment; they are now making remarkable strides in kitchen design. The integration of smart technologies into kitchen appliances has been nothing short of revolutionary, and these innovations are rapidly expanding. Today, from touch-activated cabinets to smart faucets controllable via smartphones, technology is seamlessly woven into the fabric of modern kitchens. The trend toward luxury smart kitchens is unmistakable. With more people spending time at home, there's a growing desire for kitchens that make daily tasks easier and more enjoyable. You may think that these smart options are only for the wealthy, but that's not the case anymore. As technology progresses, older models become more accessible and budget-friendly. By continuing your search, you're sure to find a smart appliance or system that meets your needs and budget. Embrace the future of kitchens and enhance your home today!

When planning a kitchen makeover or extension, one crucial factor to consider is the energy efficiency of your equipment. Given today's rising energy costs, this aspect has become a top priority for homeowners. While energy efficiency primarily addresses functionality, it can also enhance the overall appeal of your kitchen. Fortunately, many kitchen appliance manufacturers are not only focused on performance but are also aligning with the latest design trends, creating stylish options that can beautifully complement your chosen color themes.

Just as with automobiles, kitchen appliances have taken significant strides toward being eco-friendly. Beyond simple energy savings, consumers are increasingly evaluating Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) criteria alongside the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) when making their purchases. While these concepts may be unfamiliar to some, a growing number of eco-conscious buyers are embracing them. Although I may not be an energy expert, my genuine concern for the environment motivates me to share valuable design insights with you. I hope that these pointers will be instrumental in guiding your decisions for a kitchen makeover or when building a new home. After all, the design inspiration you gather here can be applied throughout your entire home. Why not seize this opportunity?

FINAL THOUGHTS

When exploring modern kitchen design trends, one standout feature consistently shines through: the "minimalist kitchen." As illustrated in our cover photo, this style exemplifies simplicity and elegance. Regardless of whether you plan to renovate, it's crucial to love your kitchen. This is the heart of your home—a space for family gatherings and entertaining guests. If you decide to dive into a renovation, whether inspired by trends or your personal taste, embrace the journey. Prioritize your needs, and remember that while the remodeling process may be challenging at times, the end result will undoubtedly bring you joy and satisfaction.

Ar. JOEY CASTANEDA

Architect, Sustainable Architecture

Link in account for architectural works.

Linktree account for artworks.

10 BEST AIR PURIFYING INDOOR PLANTS FOR BIOPHILIC DESIGN | Architalktural

10 BEST AIR PURIFYING INDOOR PLANTS FOR BIOPHILIC DESIGN

In our increasingly urbanized world, many of us find ourselves spending more time indoors than ever. Unfortunately, our built environments often lack the visual, tactile, and air-quality elements that inherently connect us to nature—elements we instinctively long for. This is where biophilic design comes into play. By integrating natural materials, ample daylight, scenic views, and lush greenery into our interiors, we can dramatically improve our well-being, lower stress levels, and enrich our surroundings. A highly effective way to achieve this transformation is through the use of indoor plants, which not only bring beauty and texture to our spaces but also purify the air we breathe, making our home or office a healthier haven.

OBJECTIVE

In this blog, we delve into ten exceptional air-purifying plants: the snake plant, spider plant, ZZ plant, pothos, peace lily, monstera, fern, English ivy, cactus, and aloe vera. Each of these plants not only adds visual appeal to your space but also plays a crucial role in improving indoor air quality. No matter your interior design style—be it minimalist, tropical, Scandinavian, or Bohemian—these plants can transform your home into a biophilic oasis, promoting a healthier and more vibrant indoor atmosphere. Embrace nature’s beauty and enhance your living environment with these remarkable plants!

Plant Descriptions

For each plant, I’ll include: key aesthetic/biophilic design contributions, the types of air pollutants they help mitigate, and care tips that support their optimal performance.

Snake Plant

1. Snake Plant (Sansevieria / Dracaena trifasciata)

• Aesthetic & Biophilic Value: Tall, upright, sword‑like leaves give strong vertical form; great for defining corners, lining hallways, or structuring a space. Its bold, architectural profile adds contrast in texture (with smoother leaves) and color (often variegated edges or bands). Works well in minimalistic designs as a sculptural element.

• Air Purification Benefits: Known from NASA’s Clean Air Study to remove toxins such as formaldehyde, benzene, xylene, and trichloroethylene. It also continues to release oxygen at night (unlike many plants), which makes it good for bedrooms.

• Care: Very low maintenance. Tolerates low light, needs infrequent watering (soil should dry between waterings). Avoid overwatering to prevent root rot. Strong in neglect.

Spider Plant

2. Spider Plant (Chlorophytum comosum)

• Aesthetic & Biophilic Value: Its arching, variegated leaves and cascading “spiderettes” (baby offshoots) offer movement, texture, and layers. Hanging baskets and shelves are good locations; its airy structure softens rigid geometry in interiors. Very forgiving plant that gives a lush, relaxed feel.

• Air Purification Benefits: Effective at removing formaldehyde, xylene, and carbon monoxide. Recognized in many surveys/NASA studies. Good at filtering indoor pollutants from furnishings, adhesives, and synthetic materials.

• Care: Prefers bright, indirect light but tolerates moderate shade. Likes moist but well‑draining soil; allow topsoil to dry a bit between waterings. Mist occasionally to reduce dust on the leaves, which helps with air filtering.

ZZ Plant

3. ZZ Plant (Zamioculcas zamiifolia)

• Aesthetic & Biophilic Value: Glossy, dark green, waxy leaves on upright stems; low, sculptural silhouette. Offers high contrast in tone and sheen; works well as an accent piece or in low‑light parts of the house (since it tolerates shade). Its robustness embodies the “resilience” aspect of biophilic design—forms that endure and adapt.

• Air Purification Benefits: Helps remove VOCs such as benzene, toluene, and xylene. Though less is known compared to some of the classic NASA plants, multiple sources list it among effective air purifiers.

• Care: Very low maintenance. Needs bright indirect to moderate light but tolerates quite low light. Water sparingly; let soil dry between waterings (its rhizomes store water). Keep in well‑draining soil; avoid waterlogging.

Pothos

4. Pothos (Epipremnum aureum, “Golden Pothos,” etc.)

• Aesthetic & Biophilic Value: Trailing vines, heart‑shaped leaves often variegated (gold, cream, white, etc.). Excellent for adding soft curves, layering, draping, and green cascades from shelves or hanging planters. Its vines help visually connect the floor, middle, and ceiling levels in a room, supporting spatial biophilic layering.

• Air Purification Benefits: Known to absorb formaldehyde, benzene, and xylene. Very forgiving plant, often used in workplaces and homes for its air-cleaning qualities.

• Care: Thrives in bright, indirect light but tolerates lower light. Keep soil lightly moist, but do not overwater; let the top layer dry somewhat. Regular pruning of vines helps keep aesthetic shape and stimulates fuller growth.

Peace Lily

5. Peace Lily (Spathiphyllum spp.)

• Aesthetic & Biophilic Value: Elegant white spathes (flowers) contrasting against glossy deep green leaves provide focal interest and a soothing, tranquil presence. Great in low to medium light, good for corners or areas that need a calming feature. Also adds softness through its curved flower and foliage forms.

• Air Purification Benefits: Removes pollutants like benzene, formaldehyde, trichloroethylene, and ammonia. Also reputed to help reduce mold spores in air and increase indoor humidity (beneficial in dry climates).

• Care: Prefers medium to low indirect light. Soil kept moist (but not waterlogged). Droops visibly when dry (which is a visual cue). Be cautious if there are pets, as parts are toxic if ingested.

Monstera

6. Monstera (Monstera deliciosa, etc.)

• Aesthetic & Biophilic Value: Large leaves with split or perforated forms create dramatic shadows and patterns of light through foliage, which is very biophilic. Their scale can give a tropical feel, help fill vertical space, and emphasize lush, nature‑like interiors. Provides a strong “leafy” presence.

• Air Purification Benefits: While Monstera is not always one of the headline plants in older NASA lists, more recent design/houseplant sources include Monstera among those that help improve indoor air quality (removal of VOCs, etc.). Also, its large leaf surface area helps in absorbing pollutants and dust.

• Care: Thrives in bright, indirect light. Needs well‑draining soil and regular watering (keeping soil slightly moist). Likes support (a stake or moss pole) for vertical growth if desired. Avoid direct harsh sun, which can scorch. Also,  dust leaves occasionally to keep stomata open.

Fern

7. Fern (e.g., Boston Fern Nephrolepis exaltata or other indoor fern species)

• Aesthetic & Biophilic Value: Feathery, delicate foliage adds softness, texture, and richness. Ferns evoke shade, moisture, and leafy forest understory ambience. Great for humid areas like bathrooms, kitchens; can be used in planters at various heights to create layered green zones.

• Air Purification Benefits: Known to remove formaldehyde, xylene, and toluene; also naturally raises humidity via transpiration, which can help skin and respiratory comfort, and reduce dust.

• Care: Prefer bright, indirect light; keep soil evenly moist but not soggy. High humidity helps; regular misting or use of pebble trays. Sensitive to dry air and over‑drying.

English Ivy

8. English Ivy (Hedera helix)

• Aesthetic & Biophilic Value: Trailing or climbing; can cover walls, be trained over trellises; its drape softens harsh lines, adds complexity, and layers. Several cultivars feature variegated leaves, adding visual interest. They can be used in baskets or as groundcover in large planters indoors.

• Air Purification Benefits: Good at removing formaldehyde and other VOCs; also helps reduce airborne fecal particles/mold in some studies—useful for allergy relief.

• Care: Prefers medium to bright indirect light. Keep soil moderately moist; tolerates some dryness but not extended drought. Be mindful that ivy can be toxic if ingested and may require pruning to control spread.

Cactus

9. Cactus (Various succulents/cactus species)

• Aesthetic & Biophilic Value: Strong sculptural forms, variety of shapes—from columnar to round, ribbed, or spiky—which can serve as focal points or contrast in texture. Minimalist and drought‑tolerant, often in modern or desert aesthetic‑inspired interiors. Great for small spaces or for people with less time for maintenance.

• Air Purification Benefits: While cacti are not always the most prominent in VOC‑removing plant lists compared to some others, succulents in general help with absorbing CO₂, releasing oxygen, and reducing some pollutants; they also help stabilize humidity and may help trap dust or particles on their surfaces. Some sources list “succulents and cacti” among the overall category of air purifiers.

• Care: Require bright light; soil must be well‑draining; water infrequently (allow soil to dry between waterings). Overwatering is the most common cause of failure. Use containers with drainage.

Aloe Vera

10. Aloe Vera (Aloe barbadensis / related species)

• Aesthetic & Biophilic Value: Succulent form, fleshy leaves with interesting colors and textures (often a bit glossier, occasionally with pale spotting, and with architectural symmetry). Has a clean, modern yet natural feel. Also, it  is multi‑functional—gel inside has soothing properties. Good for windowsills, kitchens, bathrooms—places where its practical uses can be part of its appeal.

• Air Purification Benefits: Identified in studies/lists as helping to remove formaldehyde and benzene. It can also contribute to oxygen production, though not especially at night (unlike the snake plant). Also serves as a low‑maintenance purifier.

• Care: Needs bright, indirect to direct light; minimal watering; well‑draining succulent or cactus mix. Allow the soil to dry out substantially between watering to avoid root rot. Occasional dusting.

FINAL THOUGHTS

Introducing air-purifying plants into your interior spaces does more than enhance visual appeal—it actively promotes essential aspects of biophilic design. These elements foster a connection with nature, provide sensory richness through diverse textures, forms, and colors, soften harsh edges, and significantly improve air quality. Such plants not only elevate the aesthetics of your space with their vibrant greenery and structure but also play a crucial role in reducing harmful volatile organic compounds (VOCs), mold spores, and other indoor pollutants. Embrace the power of nature indoors for a healthier and more inviting environment!

When selecting and placing plants, consider the following to maximize both design and purification benefits:

• Distribute greenery throughout the room (not just in one corner) to increase surface area for filtering and to support visual layering.

• Match plant choices to the light, humidity, and care capacity you have—inappropriate conditions reduce both aesthetic vibrancy and purification efficacy.

• Use plants as accents or focal points: large-leaf plants like monstera, upright ones like snake plant, trailing ones like pothos or ivy, and ones with flowers like peace lily.

• Maintain them well: clean leaves (dust blocks stomata), water correctly, avoid overcrowding, and replace if plants get unhealthy.

Although one or two houseplants may not fully replace the need for ventilation or mechanical air filtration in polluted environments, integrating them with proper airflow, eliminating sources of indoor toxins (like certain paints and cleaning agents), and using a variety of plants can greatly enhance the quality of your indoor environment. Investing in plants is a simple, effective way to breathe easier and create a healthier home.

In short, by weaving in these ten plants, you can design interiors that feel alive, calming, and healthier—a hallmark of biophilic design in practice.

Ar J CASTANEDA

Architect, Sustainable Architecture

Link in account for architectural works.

Linktree account for artworks.

CITATIONS:

https://www.almanac.com/10-indoor-plants-clean-air

https://www.mdessmarket.com/blog/plants-that-clean-the-air

https://houseplant101.com/blog/air-purifying-plants/

https://airpurityguide.com/what-plants-are-good-for-air-purification/

https://aquascape.ae/product/zamioculcas-zamiifolia-air-purifier-plant/

https://homebagh.com/blogs/news/top-air-purifying-indoor-plants-for-a-healthier-home

https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/best-indoor-plants

PHOTO ATTRIBUTIONS

001 Snake Plant pexels-rosana-solis-385478-3718448

002 Spider Plant pexels-fotios-photos-4753285

003 Raven ZZ Plant pexels-valeriiamiller-8525199

004 Pothos pexels-rdne-8580784

005 Peace Lily pexels-alinaskazka-14939905

006 Monstera pexels-avonnephoto-6597437

007 Fern pexels-hellokellybrito-322342

008 English Ivy pexels-plantsandgraphics-7365049

009 Cactus pexels-scottwebb-7167634

010 Aloe Vera pexels-jvdm-1581101

011 Cover Photo pexels-huy-phan-316220-3076899