Showing posts with label green building. Show all posts
Showing posts with label green building. Show all posts

Wednesday, June 18, 2025

SUSTAINABLE DESIGN PROCESS MADE TO LAST – Making Things Right

 


Creating enduring architecture goes beyond just aesthetic appeal; it emphasizes the design of spaces that are efficient, durable, and environmentally responsible. The "Design Process Made to Last" is a systematic approach that harmonizes creativity, purpose, and sustainability. This approach ensures that the built environment contributes positively to our legacy.


OBJECTIVE

In my observation, the architectural curriculum during my generation is more focused on aesthetics and architectural styles, which was derived mainly from the historical aspect of design. There was a tandem of principles (Form and Function) that was even the subject of debates instead of integrating them into a common goal. The rest of the curriculum were based on the technical aspect. And so I started with my career applying those principles, until I was assigned to work in industrial facilities dealing with building utilities where I learned about finding sustainable solutions to keep the building occupants comfortable and satisfied. From there I developed a design process that I tend to practice privately, and it lasted for almost throughout my architectural career with lasting results. My objective in this article is to share it with anyone who may find it valuable. Although, I suggest trying it out for a certain period first, to see its effectiveness before deciding to embrace it. This process is somehow very flexible and I don’t remember that it created any conflict with the management policies wherever I worked for. In fact, it was one of the main reasons companies wanted to retain me and offered me certain incentives. They appreciated the responsible approach it brought to my work, which always focused on sustainable solutions in the design process. Below is a step-by-step description of the procedure I want to share with you.


AN EFFECTIVE SUSTAINABLE DESIGN PROCESS:




1. Define Your Project Goals

Every effective design begins with clarity. Start by defining your project's core objectives, which include function, budget, style, and timeline. In today’s world, a durable design also requires an understanding of its environmental impact. Will it reduce energy consumption? Enhance occupant well-being? Promote long-term cost savings? Incorporating sustainability goals at this initial stage sets the groundwork for smarter, greener choices in the future.






2. Consider Design Options

Once goals are established, brainstorm and evaluate different design directions. This stage encourages creativity, but it must be grounded in context. Consider various strategies that align with local climate, building codes, community needs, and environmental performance. For green buildings, this includes exploring options like natural lighting, passive ventilation, rainwater collection, and low-carbon materials. Utilize tools such as life cycle assessments (LCAs) or energy models to forecast the environmental impact of each option.







3. Develop Design Schemes

At this stage, initial ideas are transformed into concrete plans. These refined conceptual designs illustrate space layouts, forms, material selections, and system integrations. Taking a sustainable approach involves using eco-friendly materials, enhancing energy efficiency, and designing for adaptability. It's important to test design schemes for thermal performance, daylight access, and airflow, all while integrating nature and technology to create a resilient design solution.






4. Make Things Right

This phase is where sustainability truly comes to life. “Make things right” is more than just fixing mistakes, it's about aligning your design with ethical, environmental, and future-ready principles.

What it means in a green building context:

  • Right Materials: Choose materials that are locally sourced, non-toxic, recyclable, and low in embodied carbon. Think bamboo, recycled steel, or FSC-certified wood.

  • Right Systems: Design mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems that reduce resource consumption. Install solar panels, low-flow plumbing fixtures, and energy-efficient HVAC systems.

  • Right Strategies: Incorporate green strategies like biophilic design (connecting people with nature), green roofs, rain gardens, and water reuse systems. Use passive solar design to maximize energy savings.

  • Right Behavior: Encourage sustainability through user-friendly, intuitive design. Clear signage for waste sorting, operable windows for natural ventilation, and visible green features create awareness and foster long-term sustainable habits.


This is the stage where architects collaborate with sustainability consultants, engineers, and even end-users to ensure that the design performs not just today, but over decades. Certifications like LEED, BERDE (Philippines), or WELL can guide the process and act as benchmarks for success.






5. Finalize Your Design Concept

With all aspects aligned - goals, options, and sustainability features, it’s now time to combine the best elements into a final, cohesive design. This design should not only function well on paper but also excel in real-world applications. At this stage, creating detailed drawings and models will help prepare for construction, ensuring that your vision is both practical and environmentally friendly.



FINAL THOUGHTS

Making things right” means designing with intention, where beauty meets responsibility, and function meets the future. Designing long lasting green buildings requires a process that transcends trends. However, even with aesthetics in mind, by embedding sustainability into each step, especially when it's time to "make things right", we create architecture that serves people, protects the planet, and enriches the future.


Ar J CASTANEDA

Architect, Sustainable Architecture

Link in account for architectural works.

Linktree account for artworks.




REFERENCE DISCLAIMER:

Article contents are all based on the combination of the author's education and work experiences. The author as a professional architect made a diversification to the standard procedures he was performing at work, applied it and found effective and brought success throughout his entire career. He is sharing this as an example and not a standard procedure. 



Photo Attributions:

All photos courtesy of Pixabay.com



Tuesday, June 17, 2025

SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPE DESIGN, exploring its role in Green Building

 


In an era when climate change and environmental degradation loom as urgent global challenges, the field of landscape design within architecture has undergone a remarkable transformation. It has evolved beyond the mere creation of beautiful outdoor spaces, becoming a vital force in championing sustainability, minimizing environmental impact, and navigating the complexities of a changing climate. This article delves into how these critical issues shape modern landscape architecture, showcasing inspiring examples from around the world that illuminate the path toward a greener future.



OBJECTIVE:

I believe that green architecture extends far beyond the realm of green buildings; it embraces the art of landscape design as well. This vital aspect of green architecture introduces features like lush green roofs and vibrant vertical gardens into urban environments, effectively reducing energy demands while alleviating the heat island effect. In a world increasingly shaped by sustainability, environmental consciousness, and the pressing realities of climate change, landscape design has evolved from simple beautification into an essential mechanism for climate adaptation, biodiversity enhancement, and regenerative urbanism. The goal of this article is to deepen your understanding of landscape design and its significance. Viewed through the lens of sustainable architecture, landscape design becomes a dynamic, living infrastructure that harmoniously benefits both people and the planet, fostering a more sustainable and vibrant future for all.



The Role of Sustainability in Landscape Design

Sustainability in landscape design focuses on creating environments that work with nature rather than against it. Designers today aim to:

  • Reduce resource consumption through the use of native, drought-tolerant, and climate-adapted plants that require minimal water and maintenance.

  • Support biodiversity by restoring habitats, using pollinator-friendly species, and creating green corridors for wildlife.

  • Promote soil health and regeneration by minimizing grading, retaining existing vegetation where possible, and incorporating organic mulches and compost.

Sustainable landscape design also integrates renewable energy and water-saving technologies — think solar-powered lighting, rainwater harvesting systems, and permeable pavements that recharge groundwater.



Responding to Climate Change: Resilience and Adaptation

Climate change has brought about more frequent floods, heatwaves, and unpredictable weather patterns. Landscape architects are responding by designing spaces that:

  • Mitigate flooding through natural drainage solutions like bioswales, rain gardens, and wetlands restoration.

  • Cool urban areas with shade-providing trees, green roofs, and reflective paving materials that help combat the urban heat island effect.

  • Anticipate shifting climate zones by choosing plant species that are adaptable to changing temperature and rainfall patterns.

These resilient landscapes not only protect buildings and communities but also provide essential ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration and air purification.



Minimizing Environmental Impact Through Thoughtful Design

The environmental impact of landscape construction and maintenance is under greater scrutiny. As a result, designers are making conscious choices to:

  • Use locally sourced, low-carbon, and recycled materials for hardscape elements like pathways, walls, and decking.

  • Reduce the carbon footprint of construction by minimizing site disturbance and machinery use.

  • Design with long-term ecological health in mind, creating spaces that age gracefully and require minimal inputs over time.

Sustainably designed landscapes are part of a circular economy approach — they aim to regenerate, not deplete, natural resources.



Case Studies: Exemplary Sustainable Landscape Designs

Here are some outstanding examples where landscape design addresses sustainability, climate resilience, and environmental stewardship:

The High Line, New York, USA

  • The High Line, New York, USA
    A linear park built on a former elevated rail line, the High Line features native plantings, permeable surfaces, and adaptive reuse of industrial materials. It provides green space in a dense urban setting while supporting biodiversity.





Gardens by the Bay, Singapore
  • Gardens by the Bay, Singapore
    An iconic example of blending technology with nature, this landscape uses massive “Supertrees” that collect rainwater, generate solar power, and act as vertical gardens. The design also integrates cooled conservatories that minimize energy use.



  • Hunter’s Point South Waterfront Park, New York, USA
    Designed for flood resilience, this park features salt-tolerant plants, elevated walkways, and a resilient edge to buffer storm surges — all while providing community recreational spaces.



  • Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, London, UK
    Redeveloped from industrial land, this park incorporates wetlands, meadows, and woodlands that enhance biodiversity, manage stormwater, and provide a lasting legacy of the 2012 Olympic Games.





Barangaroo Reserve, Sydney, Australia
  • Barangaroo Reserve, Sydney, Australia
    A former container terminal transformed into a headland park that restores native vegetation, protects against sea level rise, and reconnects the city with its natural shoreline.



FINAL THOUGHTS

In a world grappling with climate change and environmental challenges, landscape design has become an essential force for cultivating vibrant, resilient, and sustainable communities. By harmoniously merging ecological principles with artistic vision, landscape architects are crafting spaces that are not only breathtakingly beautiful but also fundamentally safeguarding the health of our planet for generations to come.


Ar J CASTANEDA

Architect, Sustainable Architecture

Link in account for architectural works.

Linktree account for artworks.



PHOTO ATTRIBUTIONS:


The High Line, New York, USA

Ron Cogswell from Arlington, Virginia, USA, CC BY 2.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0>, via Wikimedia Commons


Gardens by the Bay, Singapore

<ahref="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Supertree_Grove,_Gardens_by_the_Bay,_Singapore1.jpg">Mustang Joe</a>, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons


Dietmar Rabich / Wikimedia Commons / “Singapore (SG), Gardens By The Bay -- 2019 -- 4468” / CC BY-SA 4.0For print products: Dietmar Rabich / https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Singapore_(SG),_Gardens_By_The_Bay_--_2019_--_4468.jpg / https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


Barangaroo Reserve, Sydney, Australia

Rob Deutscher, CC BY 2.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0>, via Wikimedia Commons


Thursday, June 5, 2025

EXPLORING GREEN BUILDING COUNCILS AROUND THE WORLD

 


As climate change and environmental degradation threaten our planet, embracing sustainable building practices has never been more urgent. Green Building Councils (GBCs) across the globe are championing this cause by promoting eco-friendly construction through innovative rating systems, certifications, and advocacy. These organizations are instrumental in driving the creation of buildings that not only conserve energy and resources but also enhance the health and well-being of their occupants. While numerous countries have established their own councils, it is vital to shine a spotlight on the inspiring initiatives in the Philippines—a country uniquely positioned to confront climate risks while also seizing the vast opportunities for green growth. Together, we can pave the way for a sustainable future.



OBJECTIVE

In my previous blog articles, I have consistently shared my hands-on experiences with industrial projects, including solutions for regulating carbon emissions from manufacturing plant boilers, modifying sewage systems for efficient tallow fat collection, and ensuring the proper maintenance of wastewater treatment plants. At that time, concepts like "sustainability" and "sustainable architecture" were absent from technical discussions. It wasn't until five to ten years later, while working abroad, that I began to encounter these terms. I distinctly recall my time in Singapore when I first met third-party inspectors from ISO, LEED, and similar organizations. The sheer volume of paperwork they required felt overwhelming and intrusive, momentarily interrupting my workflow on-site. I even thought it was a burdensome distraction. However, over the course of my career, I came to understand the profound importance of sustainability in the building and construction industry. This realization prompted me to delve deeper into sustainable architecture, leading me to pursue certification. Now, I'm excited to share this valuable knowledge and my work experiences with my followers, emphasizing the vital role sustainability plays in our field.



Below is a curated list of notable Green Building Councils and systems globally, with a special focus on how the Philippines is making strides in sustainable architecture and development.





1. U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) – United States

One of the most widely recognized green building rating systems globally, Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), was established by USGBC in 1993. LEED provides certification serving over 180 countries for various building types, including new construction, interiors, homes, and neighborhoods. It emphasizes energy efficiency, indoor environmental quality, and sustainable site development.

Website: https://www.usgbc.org/






2. Building Research Establishment (BRE) – United Kingdom

Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment method (BREEAM) is the world’s first sustainability assessment method for buildings. It evaluates performance in energy, health and wellbeing, land use, pollution, transport, and waste, among others. BREEAM was launched by Building Research Establishment (BRE) in the United Kingdom, an organization which was established as early as 1921. BREEAM is widely used in Europe and other international markets.

According to Wikipedia: BRE is a former UK government national laboratory that was privatised in 1997. BRE provides research, advice, training, testing, certification and standards for both public and private sector organisations in the UK and abroad.”

Website: https://bregroup.com/


3. Green Building Council of Australia (GBCA) – Australia

Established in 2002, GBCA, which originated in Australi,a created the Green Star, a comprehensive sustainability rating system for buildings, fitouts, and communities. It aims to reduce the environmental impact of development while promoting economic and social benefits. Serves primarily in Australia, but also serves a a model for other regions.

Website: https://www.gbca.au/


4. Canada Green Building Council (CaGBC) – Canada

While CaGBC administers LEED Canada, it also offers the Zero Carbon Building Standard, which focuses on minimizing greenhouse gas emissions across a building’s lifecycle. CaGBC was established and operated in Canada in the year 2002.

Website: https://www.cagbc.org/


5. Green Building Council Indonesia (GBCI) – Indonesia

Established in 2009, GBCI created Greenship, Indonesia's own green rating tool, tailored to local environmental, economic, and cultural conditions. It promotes energy efficiency, water conservation, and material sustainability. Greenship is a National system, but also with regional influence.

Website: https://gbcindonesia.org/




6. Indian Green Building Council (IGBC) – India

A part of the Confederation of Indian Industry, IGBC has developed rating systems to address the unique needs of Indian architecture and urban environments. IGBC Rating Systems (including homes, schools, and existing buildings). IGBC was established on 2001 in India with influence primarily in India.

Website: https://igbc.in/




7. Philippine Green Building Council (PHILGBC) – Philippines

  • The Philippine Green Building Council developed the Building for Ecologically Responsive Design Excellence (BERDE) system in response to the country’s need for localized, climate-responsive green building criteria. BERDE evaluates environmental performance in energy and water efficiency, waste management, indoor air quality, and sustainable materials. It also supports the national government's efforts to achieve resilient and sustainable communities. PHILGBC was established in the Philippines in 2007. BERDE certification system primarily serves on a national level.

Website: https://www.philgbc.net/



FINAL THOUGHTS

Green Building Councils around the world are revolutionizing the way we design, construct, and manage our sustainable built environments. Aside from the list I provided above, there are still a lot of organizations and assessment systems established worldwide. While global standards like LEED and BREEAM establish high benchmarks, local initiatives such as BERDE in the Philippines showcase the need for solutions tailored to specific contexts. As sustainability becomes a key element of national development strategies, the role of organizations like the Philippine Green Building Council (PHILGBC) is increasingly significant. These councils do more than offer benchmarks and certifications; they ignite a transformative cultural shift toward creating greener, healthier, and more resilient spaces for everyone.


Ar. JOEY CASTANEDA

Sustainable Architecture

Link in account for architectural works.

Linktree account for artworks.


Photo attribution:


Cover Photo (Conference Room) courtesy of https://pixabay.com/



Swayam Course Study Materials (from the course lecture I attended)



BERDE Logo Image CTTO:

https://pinoybuilders.ph/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/BERDE.png



Sunday, May 25, 2025

ENHANCING INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY IN GREEN BUILDINGS

BedZED eco-village, London

In the pursuit of sustainability, green buildings prioritize not only environmental efficiency but also the health and well-being of their occupants. A critical component of this approach is Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) — a measure of how indoor environments impact comfort, health, and productivity. From fresh air ventilation to acoustic control, improving IEQ is essential for modern buildings aiming to be truly sustainable. This article explores six core elements of IEQ and how they contribute to healthier, greener spaces.



OBJECTIVE

This topic encompasses various tangible environmental aspects: earth, air, water, fire, and space. In my earlier discussions, I explored the solar power system, representing "fire" in terms of energy; the rainwater harvesting system, a key component of "water"; and most recently, natural lighting, which corresponds to "space." Now, let's focus on Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ), a crucial element linked to "air."

My goal is to deliver insights from my studies and work experiences in a straightforward and engaging way, making them accessible to everyone. I understand that many professionals struggle to persuade their clients to embrace sustainability in their projects. In my previous blog, "CLIENT-CENTERED SUSTAINABILITY: TailoringSolutions to Meet Client Expectations in Sustainable Architecture," I shared practical strategies for overcoming these challenges. By considering these suggestions, including the environmental aspect I will discuss in this article, we can work together to promote awareness and advocate for a more sustainable future.



GREEN BUILDING DESIGN STRATEGIES (ENHANCING THE SIX CORE ELEMENTS OF "IEQ"):


1. Healthy Environment

A green building starts with the commitment to a healthy indoor environment. This means designing spaces that reduce occupant exposure to toxins, support mental well-being, and encourage overall wellness.

Strategies include:

  • Maximizing natural daylight and views to the outdoors

  • Maintaining comfortable temperature and humidity levels

  • Using biophilic design elements, like indoor plants and natural textures


Example: The Bullitt Center in Seattle is often cited as one of the greenest commercial buildings in the world. It uses non-toxic materials, prioritizes natural lighting, and offers a visually pleasing environment that reduces stress and enhances well-being.

Bullitt Center, Seattle




2. Fresh Air Ventilation

Good indoor air quality starts with adequate ventilation. Ventilation is vital for removing stale air and introducing fresh air, thus diluting indoor pollutants and enhancing comfort. Green buildings use mechanical and natural systems to bring in fresh air and remove stale indoor air. Here are key strategies:

  • Heat Recovery Ventilators (HRVs) to retain energy while bringing in fresh air

  • Demand-controlled ventilation based on occupancy and CO₂ levels, and to optimize airflow while conserving energy.

  • Use of operable windows in passive designs


Case Study: The Edge in Amsterdam uses a sophisticated smart ventilation system that monitors occupancy and air quality, adjusting ventilation accordingly. This ensures constant fresh air flow and energy efficiency, contributing to high occupant satisfaction.

The Edge, Amsterdam





3. Exhaust Systems

These systems expel pollutants and humidity directly outdoors, maintaining better air quality indoors. Proper exhaust ventilation is essential for eliminating localized sources of pollutants, especially in:

  • Kitchens

  • Bathrooms

  • Laundry areas

  • Utility rooms

Green buildings ensure:

  • Exhaust fans vent directly to the outdoors

  • Systems are zoned to prevent air transfer between spaces

  • Use of energy-efficient fans and ducts


Example: In LEED-certified residential buildings, such as those in the BedZED eco-village in London (Please see the cover photo), separate exhaust systems are designed for different zones of the home, reducing cross-contamination and maintaining a hygienic indoor environment.



4. Low VOC Materials and Compounds

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) found in paints, adhesives, flooring, and furnishings can off-gas harmful chemicals for months after application. Excessive exposure to VOCs can lead to health issues like:

  • Headaches

  • Respiratory irritation

  • Long-term chronic effects

Green buildings opt for low or zero-VOC materials to improve indoor air quality and reduce occupant health risks. To avoid this, green buildings use:

  • Low- or zero-VOC paints, sealants, and finishes

  • Certified GreenGuard or GREENGUARD Gold furniture and products

  • Non-toxic insulation and adhesives


Case Study: The Center for Sustainable Landscapes at Phipps Conservatory in Pittsburgh used low-VOC paints, adhesives, and sealants throughout construction, contributing to its WELL Building Standard certification for promoting occupant health.

Phipps Conservatory in Pittsburgh



5. Dust-Free Interiors

Reducing dust buildup is key to minimizing allergens and particulate matter that compromise air quality. Dust can carry allergens, bacteria, and pollutants. To minimize dust accumulation, green building designs emphasize:

  • Smooth, easy-to-clean surfaces

  • Integrated entryway mats and grilles to trap dirt

  • Central vacuum systems or HEPA-filter vacuums

  • High-efficiency air filters (MERV 13 or above)


Example: In schools built to CHPS (Collaborative for High Performance Schools) standards, special attention is given to materials that resist dust accumulation, along with filtered ventilation systems to promote healthier learning environments. 

Portable air cleaners or purifiers are also widely used in homes and offices. If you are interested, you might want to check out this model.



6. Acoustic Control

Sound plays a major role in occupant comfort and productivity. Noise pollution negatively affects productivity, concentration, and mental health. Green buildings aim for a quiet, acoustically comfortable indoor environment by:

  • Using acoustic ceiling tiles and baffles

  • Installing sound-insulated walls and floors

  • Incorporating sound-absorbing materials in the interior finishing and furnishings, such as carpeting and upholstered furniture

  • Applies spatial planning to manage noise levels and minimize sound pollution. Strategic layout to separate quiet and noisy areas


Case Study: The Bloomberg European Headquarters in London incorporates acoustic baffles, soundproofing materials, and intelligent layout design to control reverberation and ambient noise, contributing to its BREEAM “Outstanding” rating.

Bloomberg European Headquarters, London



FINAL THOUGHTS


Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) stands at the forefront of sustainable building design, significantly influencing both our physical well-being and cognitive abilities. By emphasizing clean air, non-toxic materials, effective sound control, and overall comfort, green buildings not only contribute to environmental preservation but also enrich the human experience. As the demand for healthier living and working environments continues to rise, prioritizing IEQ will drive groundbreaking advancements in sustainable architecture, making our spaces not just livable but truly thriving.



Ar. JOEY CASTANEDA

Sustainable Architecture

Link in account for architectural works.

Linktree account for artworks.




Photo Attributions:


BedZED eco-village, London

By Tom Chance, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0" title="Creative Commons Attribution 2.0">CC BY 2.0</a>, <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=11884918">Link</a>


Phipps Conservatory in Pittsburgh 

<ahref="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Phipps_Conservatory_%26_Botanical_Gardens_132.jpg">Daderot</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons


Bloomberg European Headquarters in London

 <ahref="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bloomberg_European_Headquarters,_London.jpg">DAVID HOLT</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0">CC BY 2.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons


The Edge, Amsterdam (MrAronymous, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons)


Bullitt Center, Seattle (Joe Mabel, CC BY-SA 3.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0>, via Wikimedia Commons)